Ензими - произход, получаване и приложение

Обозначения:
Приложения: Bake = Пекарство, Bevr = Напитки (безалкохолни, бира, вино), Ches = Сирене, Choc = Какао, шоколад, кафе, чай, Conf = Сладкарство, Diet = Диетични храни, Egg = Преработка на яйца, Fats = Мазнини и масла, Fish = Риба, Frut = Плодове и зеленчуци, Ice = Сладолед, Meat = Месо, Milk = Мляко, Sald = Салати, Soup = Супи и бульони, Spic = Подправки и обкусители, Stch = Житни и нишестета, Sugr = Мед и захар, Dish = Домакински прахове, Ldry = Пране, Lthr = Кожи, Misc = Разнообразни, Pulp = Дървесина и хартия, Text = Текстил, Wast = Третиране на отпадни води

IUB - International Union of Biochemistry,
CAS
- Chemical abstract service,
EINECS
- European Inventory of Existing Commercial Substances
*Тези ензими, които нямат IUB (International Union of Biochemistry) номер са ензимни комплекси, при които показаната активност е сума от много единични активности на ензимни протеини
@ Няма общ IUB номер за аминопептидазите, но всички попадат в категорията 3.4.11.x
# Няма общ IUB номер за протеазитеrр но всички попадат в категорията 3.4.2.x

Ензими - дози и приложения

Принципна ензимна активност Host организъм (произвеждащ организъм) Donor организъм Номерация Примерни приложения
(списъкът не е изчерпателен)
IUB CAS EINECS Храни Фуражи Технически
Acetolactate decarboxylase (alpha) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or subtilis Bacillus sp. 4.1.1.5 9025-02-9   Bevr    
Aminoacylase Aspergillus melleus няма 3.5.1.14 9012-37-7 232-732-3 Diet    
Aminopeptidase Aspergillus niger няма 3.4.11.x@ 9031-94-1 232-874-6 Ches    
Aspergillus oryzae няма 3.4.11.x@ 9031-94-1 232-874-6 Bevr Ches Soup Spic   Misc
Lactococcus lactis няма 3.4.11.x@ 9031-94-1 232-874-6 Ches Milk    
Rhizopus oryzae няма 3.4.11.x@ 9031-94-1 232-874-6 Ches Fish Meat    
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Aspergillus sp. 3.4.11.x@ 9031-94-1 232-874-6 Ches Egg Meat Milk Spic Feed Misc
AMP deaminase Aspergillus melleus няма 3.5.4.6 9025-10-9   Soup    
Amylase (alpha) Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bake Bevr Frut Stch    
Aspergillus oryzae няма 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bake Bevr Stch Feed Ldry Misc Pulp Text
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or subtilis Bacillus sp. 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bake Bevr Stch Feed Text
Thermoactinomyces sp. 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bake Feed  
няма 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bake Bevr Stch Feed Ldry Misc Pulp Text
Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus sp. 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bevr Stch Sugr   Dish Ldry Misc Pulp Text
няма 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bake Bevr Stch   Text
Bacillus stearothermophilus няма 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bevr Stch    
Microbacterium imperiale няма 3.2.1.1 9000-90-2 232-565-6 Bake Conf Sugr    
Arabinanase Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.99 37325-54-5 253-463-8 Bevr Choc Feed  
Arabinofuranosidase Aspergillus niger Aspergillus sp. 3.2.1.55 9067-74-7 232-957-7 Bevr    
няма 3.2.1.55 9067-74-7 232-957-7 Bake Bevr Choc    
Catalase Aspergillus niger Aspergillus sp. 1.11.1.6 9001-05-2 232-577-1 Bake Bevr Ches Egg Fats Stch Sugr   Wast
няма 1.11.1.6 9001-05-2 232-577-1 Ches Milk   Misc
Micrococcus luteus or lysodeikticus няма 1.11.1.6 9001-05-2 232-577-1     Text
Scytalidium thermophilum няма 1.11.1.6 9001-05-2 232-577-1     Text
Cellulase Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4 Bake Bevr Frut Stch    
Aspergillus oryzae Humicola sp. 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4     Ldry Pulp Text
Myceliopthora sp. 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4     Text
Thielavia sp. 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4     Text
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or subtilis няма 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4     Ldry Text
Humicola insolens няма 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4     Ldry Text
Penicillium or Talaromyces emersonii няма 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4 Bevr Stch Feed  
Penicillium funiculosum няма 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4 Stch Feed Text
Streptomyces lividans няма 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4     Text
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Trichoderma sp. 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4   Feed Text
няма 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4 Bake Bevr Choc Diet Fats Frut Stch Feed Misc Pulp Text
Trichoderma viride няма 3.2.1.4 9012-54-8 232-734-4 Bevr    
Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase Bacillus licheniformis Thermoanaerobacter sp. 2.4.1.19 9030-09-5   Stch    
Bacillus macerans няма 2.4.1.19 9030-09-5   Sugr    
Dextranase Chaetomium erraticum няма 3.2.1.11 9025-70-1 232-803-9 Sugr    
Penicillum lilacinum няма 3.2.1.11 9025-70-1 232-803-9 Stch    
Esterase Rhizomucor miehei няма 3.1.1.1 9016-18-6 232-773-7 Ches    
Galactosidase (alpha) Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.22 9025-35-8 232-792-0 Diet    
Aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus sp. 3.2.1.22 9025-35-8 232-792-0   Feed  
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Guar plant 3.2.1.22 9025-35-8 232-792-0   Feed  
Glucanase (beta) Aspergillus aculeatus няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bevr Stch    
Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bake Bevr Stch Feed  
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or subtilis Bacillus sp. 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bevr Feed  
няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bevr Feed Pulp
Disporotrichum dimorphosporum няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bevr    
Humicola insolens няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bevr Stch Feed  
Penicillium or Talaromyces emersonii няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bevr Stch Feed  
Penicillium funiculosum няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bevr Stch Feed
Pseudomonas paucimobilis няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Soup    
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Trichoderma sp. 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Stch Feed Text
няма 3.2.1.6 62213-14-3 263-462-4 Bake Bevr Diet Stch Feed Text
Glucoamylase or Amyloglucosidase Aspergillus niger Aspergillus sp. 3.2.1.3 9032-08-0 232-877-2 Bevr Frut Stch    
няма 3.2.1.3 9032-08-0 232-877-2 Bake Bevr Conf Frut Stch   Misc Text
Rhizopus delemar няма 3.2.1.3 9032-08-0 232-877-2 Bake    
Rhizopus niveus няма 3.2.1.3 9032-08-0 232-877-2 Bevr Stch    
Rhizopus oryzae няма 3.2.1.3 9032-08-0 232-877-2 Bake Bevr Stch    
Glucose isomerase Actinoplanes missouriensis няма 5.3.1.5 9055-00-9 232-944-6 Stch    
Streptomyces lividans Actinoplanes sp. 5.3.1.5 9055-00-9 232-944-6 Stch    
Streptomyces murinus няма 5.3.1.5 9055-00-9 232-944-6 Stch    
Streptomyces olivochromogenes няма 5.3.1.5 9055-00-9 232-944-6 Stch    
Streptomyces rubiginosus Streptomyces sp. 5.3.1.5 9055-00-9 232-944-6 Stch    
Glucose oxidase Aspergillus niger Aspergillus sp. 1.1.3.4 9001-37-0 232-601-0 Bake Egg    
няма 1.1.3.4 9001-37-0 232-601-0 Bake Bevr Egg   Misc
Penicillium chrysogenum няма 1.1.3.4 9001-37-0 232-601-0 Bake Bevr Egg    
Glucosidase (alpha) Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.20 9001-42-7 232-604-7 Bevr Stch    
Glucosidase (beta) Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.21 9001-22-3 232-589-7 Bevr Stch Feed Misc Text
Glucosidase (exo-1,3-beta) Trichoderma harzianum няма 3.2.1.58 9073-49-8 232-968-7 Bevr    
Glucosyltransferase Aspergillus foetidus няма 2.4.1.24 9030-12-0   Stch   Text
Glutaminase Bacillus subtilis няма 3.5.1.2 9001-47-2   Soup    
Hemicellulase Aspergillus foetidus няма * 9025-56-3 232-799-9 Bake Stch Feed Misc
Aspergillus niger няма * 9025-56-3 232-799-9 Bake Frut Feed Misc
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or subtilis Bacillus sp. * 9025-56-3 232-799-9 Bake Stch Feed  
няма * 9025-56-3 232-799-9 Bake  
Inulase Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.7 9025-67-6 232-802-3 Stch    
Invertase or Fructofuranosidase (beta) Saccharomyces cerevisiae няма 3.2.1.26 9001-57-4 232-615-7 Bevr Conf Sugr    
Laccase Aspergillus oryzae Myceliopthora sp. 1.10.3.2 80498-15-3       Text
Polyporus sp. 1.10.3.2 80498-15-3     Text
Lactase or Galactosidase (beta) Aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus sp. 3.2.1.23 9031-11-2 232-864-1 Ches Diet Ice Milk    
няма 3.2.1.23 9031-11-2 232-864-1 Ches Diet Ice Milk    
Kluyveromyces lactis Kluyveromyces sp. 3.2.1.23 9031-11-2 232-864-1 Ice Milk    
няма 3.2.1.23 9031-11-2 232-864-1 Ice Milk    
Lipase, monoacylglycerol Penicillium camembertii няма 3.1.1.23 9040-75-9   Ches Fats    
Lipase, triacylglycerol Aspergillus niger няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Bake Ches Fats Milk Spic    
Aspergillus oryzae Candida sp. 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Fats   Misc Text
Fusarium sp. 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Bake Fats    
Rhizomucor sp. 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Ches Fats Spic   Misc
Thermomyces sp. 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Bake Fats   Dish Ldry Lthr Pulp
Candida lipolytica няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Bake Ches Fats Spic    
Candida rugosa няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Ches Fats    
Mucor javanicus няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Ches Fats    
Penicillum roqueforti няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Ches Fats    
Pseudomonas alcaligenes Pseudomonas sp. 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9     Ldry
Rhizomucor miehei няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Ches    
Rhizopus delemar няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Ches Fats    
Rhizopus niveus няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Ches Fats  
Rhizopus oryzae or arrhizus няма 3.1.1.3 9001-62-1 232-619-9 Bake Ches Fats   Misc
Lipoxygenase Penicillium chrysogenum няма 1.13.11.12 9029-60-1 232-853-1 Bake    
Maltogenic amylase Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or subtilis Bacillus sp. 3.2.1.133 160611-47-2   Bake Stch    
Mannanase (endo-1,4-beta) Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.78 37288-54-3 253-446-5 Bake Bevr Stch    
Penicillium funiculosum няма 3.2.1.78 37288-54-3 253-446-5   Feed  
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Trichoderma sp. 3.2.1.78 37288-54-3 253-446-5   Feed  
Pectate lyase Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus sp. 4.2.2.2 9015-75-2 232-766-9     Text
Pectin lyase Aspergillus niger var. awamori Aspergillus sp. 4.2.2.10 9033-35-6 232-894-5 Bevr Choc Frut Feed Text
Aspergillus niger няма 4.2.2.10 9033-35-6 232-894-5 Bevr Choc Frut Feed  
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Aspergillus sp. 4.2.2.10 9033-35-6 232-894-5 Bevr Choc Frut Feed Text
Pectin methylesterase or Pectinesterase Aspergillus niger Aspergillus sp. 3.1.1.11 9025-98-3 232-807-0 Bevr Choc Frut Feed  
няма 3.1.1.11 9025-98-3 232-807-0 Bevr Choc Frut Feed  
Aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus sp. 3.1.1.11 9025-98-3 232-807-0 Bevr Frut   Misc
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Aspergillus sp. 3.1.1.11 9025-98-3 232-807-0 Bevr Choc Frut Feed Text
Penicillin amidase Alcaligenes faecalis Alcaligenes sp. 3.5.1.11 9014-06-6 232-753-8     Misc
Pentosanase Humicola insolens няма * 9068-42-2   Bake    
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum няма * 9068-42-2   Bake Bevr Choc Stch Feed  
Phosphatase Aspergillus niger няма 3.1.3.2 9001-77-8 232-630-9 Bevr    
Phosphodiesterase Leptographium procerum няма 3.1.4.1 9025-82-5 232-806-5 Spic    
Penicillium citrinum няма 3.1.4.1 9025-82-5 232-806-5 Soup    
Phospholipase A Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Aspergillus sp. 3.1.1.4 9001-84-7 232-637-7 Bake Fats Feed Text
Phospholipase B Aspergillus niger няма 3.1.1.5 9001-85-8   Stch    
Aspergillus niger var. awamori няма 3.1.1.5 9001-85-8   Bake Stch Feed  
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Aspergillus sp. 3.1.1.5 9001-85-8   Bake Stch Feed  
Phytase Aspergillus niger Aspergillus sp. 3.1.3.8 9001-77-8 232-630-9   Feed  
няма 3.1.3.8 9001-77-8 232-630-9 Stch    
Aspergillus oryzae Peniophora sp. 3.1.3.8 9001-77-8 232-630-9   Feed  
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Aspergillus sp. 3.1.3.8 9001-77-8 232-630-9   Feed  
Polygalacturonase or Pectinase Aspergillus aculeatus няма 3.2.1.15 9032-75-1 232-885-6 Bevr Frut    
Aspergillus niger няма 3.2.1.15 9032-75-1 232-885-6 Bevr Choc Frut Feed Misc
Aspergillus pulverulentus няма 3.2.1.15 9032-75-1 232-885-6 Frut    
Penicillium funiculosum няма 3.2.1.15 9032-75-1 232-885-6 Bevr    
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Aspergillus sp. 3.2.1.15 9032-75-1 232-885-6 Bevr Choc Frut Feed Text
Protease (incl. milkclotting enzymes) Ananas comosus няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Diet Fish Meat Spic   Misc
Aspergillus melleus няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches Fish Meat    
Aspergillus niger няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Bake Bevr Fish Frut Meat Stch Feed  
Aspergillus niger var. awamori Calf stomach 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches    
Aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus sp. 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4     Lthr
Rhizomucor sp. 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches    
няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Bake Bevr Ches Fish Frut Meat Milk Soup Spic Stch Feed Misc
Aspergillus sojae няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Fish Meat Milk Spic Stch Feed Misc
Bacillus alcalophilus Bacillus sp. 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4     Ldry
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or subtilis Bacillus sp. 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Bake Bevr Ches Fish Meat Milk Stch Feed  
няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Bake Bevr Ches Fish Meat Soup Spic Stch Feed Lthr Misc Pulp
Bacillus halodurans or lentus Bacillus sp. 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4     Dish Ldry Lthr
няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4     Ldry Lthr Misc
Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus sp. 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Fish Meat   Dish Ldry
няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches Fish Meat Soup Spic Feed Dish Ldry Lthr Misc Text
Bacillus stearothermophilus няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Fish Meat Soup    
Calf stomach няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches    
Carica papaya няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Bake Bevr Diet Fish Meat Spic   Misc Lthr
Cryphonectria or Endothia parasitica Cryphonectria sp. 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches    
няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches    
Ficus glabrata няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches Diet Fish Meat Spic   Misc
Kluyveromyces lactis Calf stomach 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches    
Penicillium citrinum няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Soup    
Rhizomucor miehei няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Ches   Lthr
Rhizopus niveus няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4 Meat    
Streptomyces fradiae няма 3.4.2x.xx# 9001-92-7 232-642-4   Feed Misc
Pullulanase Bacillus acidopullulyticus няма 3.2.1.41 9075-68-7 232-983-9 Bevr Stch    
Bacillus circulans няма 3.2.1.41 9075-68-7 232-983-9 Bevr Stch Sugr    
Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus sp. 3.2.1.41 9075-68-7 232-983-9 Stch    
Bacillus subtilis Bacillus sp. 3.2.1.41 9075-68-7 232-983-9 Bevr Stch  
Klebsiella planticola Klebsiella sp. 3.2.1.41 9075-68-7 232-983-9 Bevr Stch    
няма 3.2.1.41 9075-68-7 232-983-9 Bevr Stch    
Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Hormoconis sp. 3.2.1.41 9075-68-7 232-983-9 Bake Feed  
Rhamnosidase (alpha-L) Penicillium decumbens няма 3.2.1.40 37288-35-0   Bevr Frut    
Tannase Aspergillus niger няма 3.1.1.20 9025-17-2 232-804-4 Choc Frut    
Transglutaminase Streptoverticillium mobaraense няма 2.3.2.13 80146-85-6   Bake Ches Conf Diet Fish Ice Meat Milk Stch Feed  
Xaa-Pro-dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase Lactococcus lactis няма 3.4.14.5 9031-96-3 232-875-1 Ches Diet Egg Fish Meat Milk Spic    
Xylanase Aspergillus foetidus няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake Stch Feed Misc
Aspergillus niger Aspergillus sp. 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake Bevr Feed  
няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake Feed  
Aspergillus niger var. awamori Aspergillus sp. 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake    
няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake    
Aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus sp. 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Stch    
Thermomyces sp. 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake Feed  
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or subtilis Bacillus sp. 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake Bevr Stch Feed Pulp Text
няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake Bevr Stch
Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus sp. 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Stch   Pulp
Disporotrichum dimorphosporum няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bevr    
Humicola insolens няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2   Feed  
Penicillium funiculosum няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bevr Stch    
Xylanase Trichoderma reesei or longibrachiatum Actinomadura sp. 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2   Feed  
Trichoderma sp. 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bevr Stch Feed Pulp
няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake Bevr Stch Feed
Trichoderma viride няма 3.2.1.8 9025-57-4 232-800-2 Bake Stch Misc

*Тези ензими, които нямат IUB (International Union of Biochemistry) номер са ензимни комплекси, при които показаната активност е сума от много единични активности на ензимни протеини
@ Няма общ IUB номер за аминопептидазите, но всички попадат в категорията 3.4.11.x
# Няма общ IUB номер за протеазитеrр но всички попадат в категорията 3.4.2.x

Приложения: Bake = Bakery, Bevr = Beverages (soft drinks, beer, wine), Ches = Сирене, Choc = Какао, шоколад, кафе, чай , Conf = Сладкарство, Diet = Диетични храни, Egg = Преработка на яйца, Fats = Мазнини и масла, Fish = Риба, Frut = Плодове и зеленчуци, Ice = Сладолед, Meat = Meat, Milk = Мляко, Sald = Салати, Soup = Супи и бульони, Spic = Подправки и обкусители, Stch = Житни и нишестета, Sugr = Мед и захар, Dish = Домакински прахове, Ldry = Пране, Lthr = Кожи, Misc = Разнообразни, Pulp = Дървесина и хартия, Text = Текстил, Wast = Третиране на отпадни води